How to treat cervical erosion in girls: causes, selection of therapy. The main causes of cervical erosion in nulliparous women You can cauterize erosion in nulliparous women

What are the causes of cervical erosion in nulliparous, where did the disease come from?
The disease is insidious and dangerous because it does not manifest itself in any way. Only a gynecologist can detect it during an examination. And also in the later stages, erosion can quickly become an oncological disease. The causes of erosion in nulliparous can be very different, from ecology to congenital pathology. It is easy to treat, especially if it is detected in the early stages.

Young women often have a question, is it possible to cauterize erosion for nulliparous women and what to do in this case?

Cervical erosion in nulliparous girls is a serious disease with adverse consequences if left untreated. Untreated erosion can cause cancer. But even despite this, many women voluntarily delay the treatment process, believing that there is nothing to worry about.

Such experiments are simply inappropriate when it comes to your health, reproductive functions, and even life. Many nulliparous women are convinced that after childbirth, this disease disappears. And the disease is progressing. It will never go away without treatment.

Causes of erosion

Immediately after the diagnosis has been made, it is necessary to undergo treatment. With timely diagnosis, you can get rid of erosion in one session, by cauterization. How exactly to carry out the treatment, only the attending physician decides. A woman can only analyze the condition to find out the cause of the disease.

There are several possible reasons:

• Venereal diseases caused by chlamydia, Trichomonas, cocci;
• human papillomavirus (HPV);
• herpes virus;
• hormonal imbalance;
• disorders of the endocrine system;
• untreated inflammatory processes;
• damage to the uterus during an abortion;
• early sexual relations;
• allergic reaction to contraceptives and sperm.

At the damaged site, small cracks first form, at the site of which ectopia or erosion later forms. Erosion is diagnosed in both parous and nulliparous women. Moreover, cervical erosion in virgins also occurs. After forty years, erosion is rarely diagnosed.

Why girls suffer

In virgins, erosion of the cervix does not occur, since she does not live sexually and the cervix cannot be injured.

Girls can find ectopia. Most often causes are associated with various inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system:

• cystitis;
• thrush;
• colpitis.

To make a more accurate diagnosis, the doctor carefully takes a smear to study the microflora of the vagina.

The cause of such manifestations cannot be heredity. Most often, this is a careless attitude to one's own health, non-observance of elementary rules of personal hygiene. Thin tights, short skirts, holey jeans, such a tribute to fashion can adversely affect health, which leads to the need to treat cervical erosion in nulliparous women and virgins. Against the background of the inflammatory process, ectopia occurs.

erosion symptoms

As already mentioned, the disease in a nulliparous girl is dangerous because it is almost asymptomatic. To understand that this erosion can only be a gynecologist at a preventive examination.

On examination, the doctor notes:

• the presence of small cracks on the cervix;
• during the absence of menstruation, spotting is observed;
• bleeding may occur after intercourse;
• the same bleeding can appear after examination by a gynecologist.

If such symptoms are found, the gynecologist can make an assumption about the presence of erosion. After that, he appoints an examination and recommends urgent treatment. Cauterization of cervical erosion for nulliparous is still used today. But this is a modern, more humane method.

Diagnostics

Erosion of the cervix in a nulliparous woman is diagnosed quite simply. Sometimes a visual examination by a gynecologist is enough to make an accurate diagnosis. But after examination and if a disease is suspected, a woman will still have to undergo a thorough examination in order to understand at what stage the disease is and whether erosion should be treated.

1. A smear to determine the microflora of the vagina, histology and identify the causative agent of the disease.
2. Colposcopy. A special device called a calposcope is used. Before such an examination, acetic acid is applied to the affected tissues, which makes it possible to identify all the affected tissues with the help of the instrument's illumination.
3. PCR diagnostics is carried out to detect human papillomavirus and herpes virus.
4. Biopsy if cancer is suspected.
5. Also, a woman will need to take a blood test, urine test to determine the hormonal background, the presence of viruses in the body.

After the results obtained after the examination, the gynecologist can diagnose a more accurate picture and prescribe the appropriate treatment.

The survey will show the following data:

• erosion;
• pseudo-erosion;
• congenital erosion of the cervix.

pseudo-erosion- healing of cracks, erosive wounds do not occur, displacement of the cylindrical epithelium is observed. This is a disease that most often affects nulliparous women and virgins.

congenital erosion, one name can already cause panic. But it is precisely this stage that does not cause concern among doctors. They argue that this is the normal state of the cervix during the natural puberty of a girl due to hormonal fluctuations. But the same stage can be the result of infectious diseases, which often appear due to non-compliance with basic hygiene rules, hypothermia.
Gynecologist should be visited 2 times a year

To burn or not to burn? New treatments

Cervical erosion. Treatment for nulliparous ten, twenty years ago was carried out using the cauterization procedure. Only excision was considered an alternative treatment. But after such a procedure, the soft tissues of the cervix lost their natural elasticity, which affected the favorable resolution of childbirth. The cervix cannot fully open. This led to breaks. Modern methods of treatment are more gentle, ensuring that the girl (girl) in the future will be able to give birth without pathologies. There are several of them:

• laser cauterization;
• using the high-frequency apparatus "Fotek";
• radiosurgical excision using the Surgitron apparatus;
• treatment with Solkovagin.

These methods exclude the possibility of injury to the cervix. Therefore, the treatment of erosion in nulliparous is best done with innovative methods in order to avoid rupture during childbirth. But such methods of treatment are most often carried out in private clinics.

Only two methods are used in district antenatal clinics:

• chemofixation;
• physical burn.

Chemofixation- a modern, gentle method. After it, there are no scars, the cervix does not lose elasticity. After the procedure, it is not forbidden to take baths, there are no long-term restrictions on sexual activity. And then, it is a completely painless method. After treatment with this method, a nulliparous woman should avoid hypothermia, observe the rules of personal hygiene, and not drink alcohol. There is a slight discomfort in the form of a pulling pain in the lower abdomen, which quickly passes.

physical burn- This is an old, but slightly improved method of cauterization. The greatest efficiency of this method is achieved in the early stages of the disease. In this case, the gynecologist can guarantee a 100% cure. It is this method that involves cauterization with a laser, nitrogen, current, radio waves.

After a physical burn, a woman may feel discomfort in the form of pain.

Moreover, the burn has a number of negative factors:

• during the procedure, healthy tissues may be affected;
• the rehabilitation process can take up to three months;
• during this period, sex, bathing are prohibited;
• any physical activity is completely excluded, classes in gyms will have to be canceled;
• after the treatment, scars remain on the cervix.

Physical burns are not used when the course of the disease is already in a neglected state. Therefore, if the question arises: is it necessary to treat cervical erosion? You can only answer in the affirmative.

If erosion is started

A nulliparous woman should be jealous of her own health. And if erosion has passed into a neglected state, then only yourself is to blame. Treatment in this case can be conservative or surgical.

An examination is prescribed to identify the causative agent or cause of erosion. Treatment of advanced erosion of the cervix of women in nulliparous women is carried out by conservative methods so as not to disrupt reproductive functions. In this situation, immunostimulating, hormonal, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed.

Sometimes the condition of the disease is at such a stage that treatment can only be surgical:

1. diathermocoagulation - cauterization with high-frequency current;
2. cryodestruction - cauterization with liquid nitrogen.

These are quite painful procedures, after which a long rehabilitation is required.

But even in a neglected state, erosion is treated with modern methods using a laser. Due to the high cost of the procedure, not everyone can afford it. however, this is the most productive and effective method, excluding serious consequences, discomfort and long-term rehabilitation.

Folk and traditional medicine are united in one thing - a woman must observe the rules of personal hygiene, do not overcool, do not change sexual partners, lead a normal, healthy lifestyle. In this case, cervical erosion (ectopia) does not threaten her.

Traditional medicine, to solve these problems, offers many recipes that were used by our ancestors. But treatment with folk methods should be carried out only in combination with traditional methods or as a preventive measure. It is extremely imprudent to replace folk treatment. This can lead to the fact that the disease will go into a neglected form.

Several recipes are offered that will be excellent additional means during the period of treatment or rehabilitation.

Calendula tincture with propolis. The product is diluted in warm water and used for douching.

Aloe juice or Kalanchoe. It is mixed with creamy natural oil or internal fat (150 gr.), They form suppositories that can be placed in the vagina at night.

Herbal teas that have anti-inflammatory properties, can be used for douching. This is St. John's wort, calendula, yarrow, coltsfoot, plantain.

Honey can be used in its pure form or can be formed into candles with oil or fat.

Sea buckthorn oil is perfect for the same purposes., which is used both in pure form and in the form of candles.

In any pharmacy you can buy a uterine collection which is ideal for douching.

Every woman, girl needs to know that any folk remedies should not be used for too long, as this can disrupt the microflora in the vagina. Any chosen method must be agreed with the gynecologist.

Content

Currently, cervical erosion is one of the most common diseases of the female reproductive system. It is characterized by damage to epithelial cells as a result of trauma, surgery, or an infectious disease.

There are several types of erosion treatment, including cauterization. But not all women are suitable for this method. Does cauterization of cervical erosion in nulliparous girls have consequences? What alternative therapies are available? All this will be discussed in this article.

Possible consequences

Cauterization has for many years remained the classic treatment for cervical erosion. In this case, the affected areas were cauterized with an electric current. Is it possible for nulliparous girls to cauterize erosion and will this lead to any consequences? Absolutely impossible. Research in the field of medicine has proven that the effectiveness and safety of this method is very doubtful.

Cauterization has serious consequences for the body of a nulliparous girl, namely:

• scarring on the surface of the neck;
• damage and disruption of the functioning of healthy cells;
• possible risk of subsequent miscarriages;
• infection of the cervical canal;
• the likelihood of infertility.

All these complications are explained by the special structure of the organs of the reproductive system. In nulliparous girls, the opening of the cervical canal leading to the uterine cavity is rather narrow and has a rounded shape. In this regard, very often cauterization of the affected cells can cause canal fusion and, as a result, infertility.

The opposite situation can also happen - the walls of the cervical canal will be greatly stretched due to extensive scarring and disruption of the normal structure of the neck - as a result, isthmic-cervical insufficiency develops. In the future, this will lead to serious consequences and may cause a miscarriage. And the scarring that occurs when cauterized can lead to severe tears and profuse bleeding during childbirth.

This does not mean that you should not treat cervical erosion. This can only aggravate the situation and lead to a number of consequences. In the future, the affected areas of the epithelium can degenerate into tumor cells, which lead to malignant formations of the cervix, namely cancer. Since cauterization of cervical erosion for nulliparous girls is strictly prohibited, there are other, more benign treatment options.

Safe Treatments

All types of elimination of erosive processes in nulliparous girls must meet several important requirements: a mild effect on tissues, minimal consequences and the absence of scars or adhesions.

Taking medications. This method is used only at the earliest stages of cell damage to eliminate the focus of inflammation. If erosion is caused by various infections, then the doctor may prescribe drugs to destroy pathogenic microorganisms. Also, the use of suppositories or ointments can be prescribed as topical medicines. The complex action of these agents enhances the regeneration of the epithelium, and also significantly accelerates the healing process. Apply antiseptic suppositories, antibiotics, antiviral agents, immunomodulators, suppositories and ointments with healing components.

It is very important to strictly observe the dosage and form of the drug prescribed by the doctor. This will prevent complications, as well as successfully become pregnant and give birth later.

laser therapy. The essence of this method is the direct impact of laser beams on the affected area of ​​the epithelium. Is it possible to cauterize erosion for nulliparous girls in this way? Yes, you can. One of the main advantages of this method is that the laser only penetrates the affected areas and does not affect healthy areas at all. In addition, there are no scars, bleeding wounds at the site of cauterization by the laser, and healing occurs much faster than with other methods. Thus, after cauterization of cells with a laser, there are no serious consequences.

Action by radio waves. The method is highly effective, non-invasive and provides a fast healing rate. The recovery process lasts 1-2 months. You may experience some bleeding immediately after the procedure. You should refrain from sexual intercourse for 15-20 days, and a month after cauterization, be sure to visit a gynecologist.

Cryodestruction. The affected areas of the epithelium are treated with liquid nitrogen, which has a freezing effect. As a result, areas of affected tissue die, while healthy cells remain intact. It is considered one of the best ways to treat erosion, since the action of liquid nitrogen does not cause scarring and deformation of healthy tissues.

Cauterization with drugs. In this case, local preparations are used, for example, Solkovagin and Vagotil. These funds in one procedure can remove the areas affected by erosion without compromising the integrity of healthy tissues.

All of the above methods are great for removing cervical erosion in nulliparous girls. Their main difference from cauterization with electric current is the absence of consequences, as well as the preservation of all healthy cells and tissues, which is a necessary condition for the successful course of pregnancy and childbirth.

In any case, the treatment of any disease, including erosion, requires an individual approach to each patient. That is why only a doctor can choose the most appropriate method for eliminating cervical erosion.

Pregnancy after erosion

Cauterization of erosion of the cervix with an electric current is categorically not recommended for nulliparous girls, since subsequently serious problems can arise both with the conception and course of pregnancy, and with the birth process.

All other methods allow the girl to successfully become pregnant and give birth in the future. Laser exposure to the affected areas of the epithelium is still the most effective and common method of treatment. One month after the procedure, you can start planning your pregnancy.

With cryodestruction, radio wave cauterization, laser vaporization, complete recovery occurs after 1.5-2 months, but it is best to plan a pregnancy after 4-6 months. When treating erosion with chemical means, healing occurs faster.

Treatment of erosion with chemical drugs also does not lead to scarring, but its main disadvantage is the high probability of re-damage of epithelial cells. That is why this method is used only at the very initial stages of the erosion process.

It is important to remember that regardless of the type of treatment chosen, erosion cannot be an obstacle to conception. and successful pregnancy. However, before planning a pregnancy, it is imperative to undergo a complete examination, eliminate all existing pathologies and get rid of bad habits.

Timely detection and treatment of any disease is the key to a successful and speedy recovery. in nulliparous girls has its own characteristics and limitations. It is categorically impossible to eliminate erosion by cauterization with an electric current, since this method can lead to a number of serious consequences. Only safe modern methods will preserve the integrity of tissues and prevent further complications during childbearing and during childbirth.

Erosion in the tissues of the genital organs is a fairly common problem among the fair sex. According to statistics, in most cases, such a pathology develops after pregnancy (successful or interrupted). Nevertheless, cervical erosion in nulliparous girls is also diagnosed, because there are many causes of this disease. So what is the disease and how dangerous can it be? What should you pay attention to when diagnosing? Are there effective treatments? The answers to these questions are of interest to many patients.

Erosion: brief information about the pathology

It is considered one of the most common ailments of the reproductive system. According to statistics, about 50% of women of childbearing age suffer from this disease. The disease is accompanied by a violation of the structure of the epithelial layer that lines the cervical canal.

Cracks appear in the epithelial layer, which are then overgrown with other elements, which, accordingly, affects the properties and functioning of the organs of the reproductive system. The cylindrical epithelium begins to grow, spreading to other parts of the genital organs. As the disease develops, small sores begin to appear in the wall. Erosion of the cervix is ​​diagnosed in nulliparous girls, mothers and even pregnant women. This problem is quite common, so you should familiarize yourself with the basic information about the disease.

Cervical erosion in a nulliparous girl: causes

Of course, to begin with, it is worth learning about possible risk factors. In what cases does cervical erosion develop in nulliparous girls? The causes of occurrence may be different:

• the presence of infections, especially those transmitted during sexual intercourse;
• inflammation in the organs of the reproductive system, in which there is irritation of the mucous membrane of the cervix;
• violation of the natural microflora of the vagina, which is observed, for example, with thrush;
• hormonal changes;
• taking hormonal drugs;
• improper use of mechanical or chemical contraceptives;
• weakened immune system, which increases the risk of developing infectious or inflammatory diseases;
• promiscuity;
• injuries of the cervix, which can be obtained during gynecological procedures or too active sexual intercourse;
• activation of papillomavirus or herpetic infection;
• in some cases, the pathological process begins in girls even before birth, in the womb.

It is in such cases that cervical erosion most often develops in a nulliparous girl. The reasons, as you can see, can be very diverse, so you should not ignore the problem in any case.

What are the dangers associated with the disease?

What is the danger of cervical erosion in nulliparous? Its consequences can be very sad, especially when it comes to pregnancy. As the disease progresses, the tissues of the cervix lose their elasticity. Therefore, during childbirth, the risk of fetal asphyxia is high. In addition, there is a chance of a rupture of the cervix during the birth of a child. In turn, this increases the possibility of severe infectious diseases of the reproductive system. Often, after severe ruptures of the cervix, women have problems with subsequent pregnancy - the number of miscarriages increases.

According to static data, cervical erosion in nulliparous girls may be accompanied by malignant degeneration of tissues and, accordingly, the development of cancer. That is why it is important to diagnose the disease in time and treat it.

Cervical erosion in nulliparous girls: symptoms

Unfortunately, in most cases, the disease proceeds without any visible signs. However, some changes are still worth noting. Erosion of the cervix in nulliparous girls may be accompanied by the release of so-called whites. Sometimes women complain of pulling pains in the lower abdomen, but they quickly pass.

Symptoms include spotting, which appears regardless of the menstrual cycle - such disorders should alert the patient. In more severe cases, bleeding is possible, which occurs, for example, during or after sex.

What procedures are needed to make a diagnosis?

How is cervical erosion diagnosed in nulliparous girls? The doctors' comments suggest that in most cases the disease is discovered quite by accident, during a routine gynecological examination. When examining with mirrors, the doctor may suspect the presence of erosion, which is the reason for further tests:

• Colposcopy is considered an informative diagnostic method. Using a special device (colposcope), the doctor must carefully examine the walls of the vagina and part of the cervix. To obtain more information, tissues are treated with iodine solution or acetic acid - so the doctor has the opportunity to see the boundaries of erosion sites.

• The specialist also takes a smear from the vagina, because it is important to determine the composition of the microflora. The same procedure allows you to determine the presence of bacterial pathogens.
• Sometimes PCR diagnostics are also necessary, especially if there is a possibility of activation of herpes or papillomaviruses.
• It is necessary to pass urine and blood samples for analysis, as well as to determine the level of hormones in the blood.
• carried out if there is a suspicion of malignant degeneration of tissues.

During the diagnosis, it is important not only to determine the presence of erosion in the cervix, but also to identify the causes of the development of pathology.

The main stages of treatment

This disease requires complex treatment. First, you need to restore the normal structure of the cervix and prevent an increase in erosion sites. Secondly, it is important to prevent the development of infectious and inflammatory diseases, which will only aggravate the situation.

Erosion therapy includes both taking medications and the process of cauterization of affected areas. There is an opinion that cauterization is contraindicated for nulliparous women, as this can lead to problems in the future. To some extent, this statement is correct. The simplest and most affordable method of cauterization is electrocoagulation. However, after the procedure, as a rule, rather large scars form on the cervix, which can make a subsequent pregnancy impossible.

Fortunately, there are many gentle methods of cauterization, after which there are practically no traces on the tissues. So to nulliparous girls?

Candles and other preparations for the treatment of erosion

Medicine at its disposal has many medicines for the treatment of the erosive process, mainly vaginal suppositories. For example, in modern medicine, drugs such as Depantol, Suporon, Hexicon, and sea buckthorn suppositories are used.

These medicines are easy to use at home. They accelerate the healing processes of erosion sites, contribute to the development of normal microflora, soften tissues, accelerate the removal of pathological secretions, and relieve the woman of discomfort. In addition, their cost is quite affordable. Unfortunately, treatment with suppositories only is possible only in the early stages of the development of the disease. In other cases, drug treatment must necessarily be supplemented by cauterization of the affected areas.

Cryodestruction of erosion: advantages and disadvantages of the method

What to do if cervical erosion is found in a nulliparous girl? Treatment is often carried out with liquid nitrogen. The procedure is not too painful, and does not last long. The doctor inserts a special cryoprobe into the vagina, after which he treats the erosion sites with liquid nitrogen, which has an ultra-low temperature. Thus, there is a freezing of the damaged areas of the epithelium.

The recovery period lasts no more than a few weeks. There are no scars on the tissues (with the skillful use of equipment), and the procedure is affordable. On the other hand, liquid nitrogen is ineffective for deep erosion, as it makes it possible to process only the surface layers - there is a risk of relapse.

Treatment by chemical cauterization

One of the most affordable methods is cauterization of erosion sites with the help of special medications. For example, medicines such as Vagotil or Solkovagin are quite often used. During the procedure, the doctor treats the affected epithelium with chemicals that destroy the columnar epithelium layer.

This technique is simple, and the drugs are inexpensive. However, about five consecutive treatments are needed to achieve the maximum effect. And again, this method is possible only in the case of small, shallow erosion.

Radio wave erosion treatment

The most safe and painless way is which is carried out using a special device "Surgitron", which makes it possible to destroy atypical epithelial cells. Modern equipment helps to remove erosion sites, even if they are located in the deep layers. Moreover, the procedure is almost painless, and the recovery period is minimal. There is no direct contact with the patient's blood or tissues, so the risk of infection is minimized. It is this method that is recommended for nulliparous girls and women who are planning a pregnancy in the future.

Unfortunately, not every clinic can afford to purchase the equipment necessary for the procedure. Yes, and the cauterization itself will cost the patient dearly.

Is it possible to treat with folk remedies?

Is cervical erosion treated at home in nulliparous women? Treatment with folk remedies is possible only with the permission of the attending physician - in no case should you refuse medical care. Various folk recipes can be used as adjuvants, but they can in no way replace a full-fledged therapy.

Sea buckthorn oil is considered a good healing agent. This product, by the way, contains vitamins and minerals necessary for tissues. Sometimes doctors recommend soaking a tampon in natural sea buckthorn oil and inserting it into the vagina. In the same way, erosion can be treated with honey.

Disease prevention

The issue of prevention of cervical erosion is very relevant. Unfortunately, there is no medicine that can prevent the development of the disease. Nevertheless, following a few simple rules will help to avoid the disease, or at least diagnose it at an early stage.

It is extremely important for women to adhere to the rules of personal hygiene and to refuse casual sexual contacts. You should definitely consult a doctor and choose safe, but effective contraceptives, since the causes of erosion include not only sexually transmitted diseases, but also artificial termination of pregnancy. All infectious and inflammatory diseases should be diagnosed in time and treated immediately. Patients are also strongly advised to visit the gynecologist twice a year for a preventive examination (even if there are no complaints about well-being).

Establishing the diagnosis of ectopia during examination by a gynecologist raises the question of treatment for a woman. The doubt whether it is necessary to cauterize erosion is based on a prejudice about the pain and harm of the procedure. Delaying treatment destabilizes the body and may cause difficulties with conception in the future.

The absence of symptoms during cervical erosion does not alarm a woman and she learns about the diagnosis, most often, during a preventive examination by a gynecologist. The doctor in most cases does not detail the patient's condition and the decision on treatment is made intuitively.

Information about whether erosion can be cauterized for nulliparous will allow you to make an informed decision about timely and adequate treatment.

The diagnosis that a gynecologist voices to a woman may imply three different conditions of the mucous membranes of the cervix. It:

• true erosion, in which bleeding wounds and microcracks are found on the cervix, when pressed, drops of blood or ichor are released;
• ectopia, go the appearance of red areas on the cervix. They can be of various sizes and, if severe, cover the entire neck. Red spots are formed by a specific cylindrical epithelium, characteristic of the internal (cervical) canal of the cervix;
• congenital ectopia, which is a feature of the development and formation of the internal genital organs of a woman and is considered a physiological, natural condition that disappears on its own after reaching the age of 20.

Areas of red epithelium on the cervix are formed by cylindrical cells, which are located in one layer. Their functions differ from those that are performed by ordinary cells of the integumentary pink epithelium, tightly interconnected and arranged in several rows.

The cervical epithelium is single-row, unable to protect the cervix from mechanical damage that may occur during intercourse. Normally, the mucous membranes of the cervix and vagina secrete a small amount of liquid mucus, the purpose of which is to remove dead epithelial cells and bacteria.

The purpose of cylindrical cells is different - they must ensure the targeted movement of sperm to the uterus. The thick mucus that they produce hermetically closes the cervical canal, preventing third-party fluids and infections from entering the cervix.

Areas of red epithelium that appeared in the wrong place begin to produce atypical mucus, which becomes a breeding ground for various pathogenic microorganisms, which, under certain conditions, can provoke the appearance of inflammatory processes.

The state of true erosion is diagnosed quite rarely - wounds and injuries are detected within 10-14 days and tend to self-heal. The affected areas, for various reasons, are covered not with a flat, but with a cylindrical epithelium, that is, an ectopia is formed.

Causes of erosion

Many women cannot correlate the fact of the appearance of erosion with the absence of an active sex life or the absence of children. The true causes of erosion are not fully understood, the number of women who show signs of erosion or ectopia allow us to speak of pathology as a complex condition.

The cause of congenital erosion in nulliparous women is the failure of the natural mechanism of maturation of the internal genital organs of the girl. Normally, in female infants, the entire vagina is lined with cervical epithelium. As you grow older and change the hormonal background, the cervical epithelium is replaced by a flat one.

In women with congenital ectopia, the "growing up" of the epithelium is delayed due to a mechanism that has not been fully studied. The condition does not require any treatment. Fears at the doctor can arise only in case of accession of a pathogenic infection.

The causes of erosion in nulliparous women can be:

• infection with sexually transmitted diseases or a specific sexual infection (gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia, etc.);
• hormonal disorders due to prolonged use of hormonal contraceptives;
• thyroid disease;
• incorrect or unsuccessful setting of the intrauterine device;
• previous abortions;
• infection with the human papillomavirus and its activation;
• development of a herpetic infection;
• too hard sex;
• use of simulators and mechanical vibrators;
• changes in the vaginal flora under the influence of frequent sexual intercourse with different partners;
• too rare sexual intercourse;
• psychosomatic factors.

Acquired erosion in the early stages of development does not cause concern for a woman. Some small deviations from the norm are perceived as temporary symptoms. The increase in pain during intercourse and the appearance of secretions indicate the attachment of inflammation to existing erosion.

Manifestations of erosion

Symptoms of true erosion can be:

• pain in the lower abdomen after sexual intercourse or before menstruation;
• pain during sex;
• the appearance of pink, brown or spotting, white with streaks of blood after intercourse;
• the appearance of copious discharge with an unpleasant yellow or greenish odor indicates the attachment of an infection and the appearance of inflammation.

Ectopia can manifest similar symptoms, but more mildly. The danger of erosion and ectopia is that they support inflammatory processes in the body, destabilizing its condition.

The growth of the cylindrical and glandular epithelium into cysts can block the access of sperm to the cervical canal and prevent conception.

To correct such conditions, cauterization is used in combination with conservative treatment. This term is not entirely correct, it has been preserved since the use of the method of cauterization of ectopia with an electric current.

Erosion treatment methods

The question of whether it is possible to cauterize erosion for nulliparous girls confronts every patient whom the doctor informs about the need for treatment. Until now, most women believe that it is painful and dangerous.

The reason for the fears is as follows: a dozen years ago, diathermocoagulation (cauterization with high-frequency current) was the main way to stop erosion. This method is still used today because of the simplicity and availability of the equipment, the ability of most doctors in the antenatal clinic to work with it. The specificity of the method is severe pain, the cause of which is the effect of current on the muscles of the cervix, the formation of an extensive burn and scars that deform the organ.

Now the method is not applied to nulliparous. Deformation and scars resulting from cauterization do not allow the neck to stretch to the desired diameter, and become an obstacle in childbirth. Its ruptures additionally injure the woman during childbirth and can cause disturbances in the child.

Modern methods of surgical removal of the cylindrical epithelium allow you to gently and sparingly influence the mucous membranes of the internal genital organs, while maintaining the woman's ability to conceive and normal natural childbearing.

To determine the type of cervical erosion, decide whether it can be cauterized or not, only a doctor can do after a complete diagnosis of the condition.

Is it necessary to cauterize erosion and should it be done before childbirth? The tactics of the doctor may be different and depends on the condition of the particular patient.

If a small erosion is diagnosed without traces of inflammatory processes, the doctor can take the position of dynamic observation. It means:

• examination of a woman every 6 months;
• taking a smear for bacteriological culture;
• blood control for the presence of STDs and HPV.

If no infection is observed, cauterization of the ectopia is not performed. Often a woman's body copes with ectopia on its own after the hormonal levels are leveled. If such a woman becomes pregnant, in most cases, cervical erosion after childbirth disappears on its own without treatment.

What will happen if you do not cauterize the erosion that formed before childbirth against the background of inflammatory processes? The female body during pregnancy becomes more vulnerable to infection. The reason is a natural decrease in the immune threshold for the possibility of bearing a child.

Untreated erosion and inflammation will be a source of constant destabilization of the body, affect the course of pregnancy and the condition of the child. In childbirth, the cervix, weakened by erosion, is poorly stretched, less elastic, and often amenable to tearing.

This explains why timely diagnosis and treatment of erosion should be carried out even before conception - this will ensure normal gestation and childbirth.

Diagnostics

The initial stage of treatment is an accurate diagnosis of the woman's condition and determining the cause of the disease. Only after that, the doctor can choose the exact and correct treatment. For this apply:

• examination of the cervix in the mirrors;
• taking a smear to determine the flora of the vagina;
• blood tests to determine the woman's condition and the presence of a sexually transmitted infection, HIV, HPV;
• hormone analysis;
• Analysis of urine;

Accurate diagnosis of the state of the cervix and possible cellular pathologies is possible only after examining it with the help of a colposcope - an apparatus that allows you to examine the organ under targeted light and multiple magnification. When establishing a large erosion, the doctor can apply both conservative and hardware treatment.

Moxibustion treatment

Why is cauterization becoming one of the most optimal methods of treatment? Conservative therapy is longer and may often be ineffective. Cauterization is a shock for the body, which mobilizes internal resources and helps to eliminate the cylindrical epithelium quickly and with great efficiency.

Cauterization is used as an integral part of complex treatment, which includes:

• medicines for the treatment of inflammation. The composition of drugs is determined after bacterial studies;
• fortifying drugs and vitamins;
• traditional medicine recipes;
• hormonal preparations (if necessary);
• lifestyle changes (regulation of sexual life, refusal of alcohol and smoking, weight loss).

For the treatment of nulliparous women, the latest methods of eliminating ectopic epithelium are used:

• laser vaporization;
• radio wave treatment;
• cryodestruction.

The standard of cauterization is radio wave therapy. It is carried out with the help of special devices Surgitron and Fotek. Its positive aspects are:

• painlessness - the waves “push apart” the cells, minimally injuring the tissues;
• bloodlessness - vessels, when exposed to radio waves, are "soldered";
• the formation of a smooth, clean surface in the ectopia zone instead of a scab, characteristic of other types of exposure to mucous membranes;
• a short rehabilitation period that allows you to plan a pregnancy after 3-4 months from the moment of cauterization.

The disadvantage of the method of radio wave cauterization can only be considered its relatively high cost and availability only in large clinics.

Rehabilitation and re-erosion

The behavior of a woman after cauterization is aimed at creating the most favorable conditions for the healing of the cauterized zone. A woman is prescribed:

• sexual rest;
• sparing diet;
• restorative procedures.

Forbidden:

• heavy physical labor;
• bathing in open reservoirs and pools;
• steam room and hot tub;
• smoking and alcohol;
• use of hygienic tampons;
• wearing synthetic underwear.

With the timely and complete implementation of the doctor's prescriptions, the woman recovers after 60 days and can plan to conceive.

If, after childbirth or after any period of time, repeated erosion is diagnosed, the development factor may be:

• incorrect determination of the cause of erosion;
• incorrect behavior of a woman who does not comply with the doctor's prescription.

Timely detection and treatment of erosion with modern methods will allow a nulliparous woman to become pregnant and give birth to a healthy child without complications.

Erosion (ectopia, endocervicosis, pseudo-erosion) of the cervix is ​​found in half of the girls and women of reproductive age. Visually, the disease is defined as redness in the region of the external opening of the cervix (the spot may not always cover the entire surface of the opening).

Erosion appears in the case of the transition of cells lining the inside of the canal to the vaginal area. There is erosion of the cervix in nulliparous, children, girls and women who have given birth. This is due to the process of formation of the girl's reproductive system in utero: the entire surface of the vagina and canal is first lined with cylindrical epithelium cells (internal cells), and later they are gradually replaced and replaced by squamous epithelium (external cells).

Causes of the disease

The location of the epithelium in the vagina is influenced by many factors. The causes of cervical erosion in nulliparous are:

• The infectious nature of diseases of the genital area (including STIs (sexually transmitted infections) caused by ureaplasma, gonorrhea, chlamydia or Trichomonas).
• Viral lesions of the internal genital organs (human papilloma, herpes).
• Physical influences (sexual intercourse, surgical interventions, abortion).
• Endocrine disorders in the work of the woman's body (including the use of hormonal contraceptives).
• Inflammatory diseases.
• Diseases of metabolic processes (diabetes mellitus).
• Installation of an intrauterine device.
• Irregular menstruation.
• Frequent change of sexual partner.

Symptoms of endocervicosis of the cervix

In most patients, ectopia does not appear, but there are some signs that suggest the presence of the disease:

1. Soreness during intercourse or immediately after an intimate relationship (pain can be weak or intense, pulling, cramping).
2. The appearance of brown vaginal discharge or streaks of blood after sex.
3. Beli that accompanies a woman the entire menstrual cycle.
4. Frequent relapses of candidiasis (more often than 1 time in a 3-week period).

Even if there are no symptoms, there is no guarantee that there is no disease either. For the timely detection and treatment of cervical erosion in women who have not given birth to children, it is necessary to undergo an examination by a gynecologist twice a year.

Diagnosis of the disease

At the doctor's appointment, it is necessary to conduct a series of studies to confirm or refute the diagnosis:

1. Gynecological examination on a chair with the help of mirrors.
2. Special examination using the optical instrument of the colposcope (colposcopy).
3. A swab is taken to study the flora of the vagina.
4. A cytological examination of the smear is carried out.

If the gynecologist suspected ectopia, then before starting therapy, it is necessary to check the eroded area for the presence of malignant neoplasms. For this, a biopsy is performed (separation of a small area of ​​atypical epithelium) with subsequent determination of the tissue of the material.

During the research, the woman does not experience pain. During the biopsy, discomfort and slight bleeding in the following hours are possible.

Why does erosion need to be treated?

There is a possibility of an independent transition of the epithelium of the inner lining surface of the opening of the cervix into a squamous epithelium located on the walls of the vagina. This process may be accompanied by the formation of a scar, which leads to a decrease in the elasticity of the neck. This increases the likelihood of complications during pregnancy and childbirth:

1. The risk of fetal asphyxia during the passage of the cervix due to its inelasticity.
2. During natural childbirth, an inelastic tissue area can be injured (torn), the wound surface is highly susceptible to various diseases (candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis, various STIs, viruses, including human papillomavirus).
3. If rigid (inelastic) tissues are torn during pregnancy, then there is a possibility of miscarriage and intrauterine death due to infection.

Another risk is associated with the ability of the eroded area to malignancy (transition into a malignant tumor). According to statistics, the number of detections of cancerous growths on the cervix is ​​increasing every year. Doctors associate this process, including with untimely treatment of ectopia.

Why should nulliparous women not be given certain therapies?

With an incorrectly selected method of treatment, scarring is possible, as well as splicing of the canal. The result of the latter is infertility. Serious injuries can lead to insufficiency, causing the cervix to dilate spontaneously during pregnancy (risk of miscarriage).

Therefore, it is necessary to carefully approach the choice of methodology. Treatment of cervical erosion in nulliparous women cannot be carried out by cauterization, exposure to low temperatures (cryodestruction), electrical destruction. All of the above methods have a high probability of scarring, canal adhesions, menstruation disorders, exacerbations of inflammatory diseases, an extensive wound surface and the destruction of healthy squamous epithelium. In addition, rehabilitation sometimes takes from one to three months, it is necessary to give up sexual intercourse, taking a bath, physical activity. During the procedures themselves, the patient experiences pain.

Treatment methods for nulliparous women

There are several methods to cure the disease in all categories of women. First of all, it is the effect of chemical agents. Modern drugs containing mixtures of acids that selectively act on cylindrical epithelial cells do not damage normal cells. These chemicals include:

• Vulstimulin.
• Vagotil.
• Solkovagin.

The wound surface heals quickly, the scar is not formed.

Treatment of cervical erosion in nulliparous women can be carried out with laser beams (CO2 laser and helium-neon laser are used). In combination, these 2 lasers allow you to achieve 100% results. When using laser treatment of ectopia, the wound heals faster than with cryodestruction or electrocoagulation.

Another most sparing method of erosion therapy is a non-contact radio wave surgery apparatus.

Since the change in the cells lining the cervix can be caused by STIs, it is necessary to first take tests to identify them and, if necessary, treat them. It is also necessary to cure inflammatory diseases and thrush. In some cases, this is enough to completely cure cervical endocervicosis. If this does not happen, then the doctor will prescribe the appropriate treatment.

There are also alternative methods of treating ectopia that are possible for use in nulliparous women, these include:

• Hirudotherapy (use of leeches).
• The use of tampons with herbal ingredients from various manufacturers.
• Use of self-prepared solutions based on herbal ingredients for use in the form of tampons.

Such techniques are not widely used and their effectiveness has not been scientifically confirmed. If you want to use them, you must consult a gynecologist.